I know of multiple estates built during the celtic tiger where the closed system heating is topped up by teeing into the cold feed to the copper cylinder using a check valve and expansion vessel left permanently connected. Recently went to one of these houses just to fit a new tap, but discovered while i was there that the vessel diaphragm and check valve had failed, allowing the heating system water to expand back up into the storage tank. I would be interested to know if anybody else has come across this issue.